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Jumat, 07 Januari 2011

history of European music - english version

Music Era Greece

History trusted music starts from the past and pioneered by Asian music, Persian music, Indian music, Jewish music, roman music, music of Mesopotamia, Egyptian music, Islamic music, and also the greek music. However, of all the music, the era of Greek music is the music the best and most famous among others. Literacy music of Greece is affecting the development of music worldwide. In the aftermath of ancient Greece, Greek music theory from the pioneering presence in the western world of religious music and classical music as well.

Like the Greek history is full of glory in the field of discovery and civilization as well its people, music is also well developed. In Greece in the past, the music used for entertainment, celebration of the people, and also Religious activities. Music is essential for the Greek civilization. In fact, in ancient Greece, music is a compulsory subject in which the men of ancient Greece has been taught about music since the age of 6 years.
In the era of ancient Greek music, musical instruments played by the Greek community is very interesting to measure these times. One of the most famous musical instrument is aulos made of two reeds. Then there is also a stringed musical instrument called a lyre. But there are also specific and special type of lyre called kithara. Musical instruments from the era of ancient Greece, the future became the forerunner of modern musical instruments. One example, Lyre future became the forerunners of the lute.
Real examples from the era of Greek music is folk music which is divided into songs and songs acritik klephtic. Akrites akritic music comes from, a border guard of the Byzantine empire. While the development of music klephtic begins after the end of the era of the Byzantine empire. Music klephtic developed shortly before the Greek revolution. Music was developed by Kleftes, the troops who fought against the ottoman empire. Basically, klephtic music is monophonic and uses no harmony at all.
There are many more music from a very famous Greek era. Call it palea dhimotika played with kleftiko. Then there nisiotika which is a folk song from the Aegean Islands. One of the famous song from Nisiotika is ikariotiko traghoudhi or better known by the name of the song from Ikaria. Then there is also music from the island of Crete are still included Greek territory. There are so many talented players from the Cretan Lyra. Call it Nokos Xylouris, Antoniss Xylouris, Thanassis Skordalos, and Kostas Moundakis. One of the famous song from Crete is tabachaniotika which is the embryo of rebetiko, music from the café-safe which is a combination of Greek music and eastern music. This is thanks to some residents of Crete who came from Asia.

Medieval Music
Medieval music starting from the fall of the Roman empire and ends around mid-15th century. The end of music is expected around the year 1400, simultaneously with the start of the Renaissance era music. However, in the era of the mid, high prices of parchment and also the amount of time it takes to write this, the manufacture of musical manuscripts to be very expensive. Because of the high costs required, only a certain number of parties who could write a manuscript, let alone just for a musical. Only the church and church institutions such as the Monastery. Secular music and the music of sacrifice is also created by the church. Notation in the early era of the mid does not have a special rhythm. Music in that era was the music that monophonic and homorhythmic.
Musical instruments in the era of the mid-there are still some that existed until now, although it has changed shape. For example, if the flute in the modern era, made of silver or other metal, then in middle age are made of wood. Flute at the time could be blown from the side or from the tip. Then there is also a recorder instrument that still maintains its shape until now. In the era of the mid, named gemshorn recorder. This instrument is shaped recorder gemshorn where many holes for the fingers of our hands in front of him, despite the fact gemshorn families have Ocarina. In addition, there is still a musical instrument which is the forerunner of the modern flute. The instrument is the pan flute. In the era of the mid-, pan flute is very popular and comes from the Hellenic. This instrument is created from wood and manufactured in different sizes to create different tones as well.
Music is growing in the middle of this era. Many special schools of music began to be built. Examples are school polyphony, Notre Dame School, which is very popular from 1150 until 1250. Notre Dame School is very famous for his achievement in Gothic architecture where the center of activities is the church of Notre Dame. Music in this era is also called the Parisian school, or Parisian organum. It is the embryo of a very famous ars antiqua. The era is famous for its rhythmic notation first appeared in western music world. Rhythmic notation can also be called rhythmic modes. Music manuscripts that still exist from this era is the Codex Montpellier, Codex Bamberg, and El Codex musical de Las Huelgas.
In medieval music history is also recorded many musicians and a very famous composer. The composer is Leonine, Perotin, Adam de St. Victor, W. de Wycombe, and also Peter de Cruce whose real name is Pierre de la Croix. Peter is recognized for innovation by writing more than 3 semibreves to match the length of the breve.
Renaissance Era Music
Music is the music of the Renaissance era in 1400 until the year 1600. Music in this era was mentioned as a very weak era in music history. In the era of renaissance, vocal range in music increased dramatically. This causes a significant contrast in the music world. Characteristics of the Renaissance era music is the capital, which is also an opponent of the tonal. However, at the end of the Renaissance era, starting capital is not used because of the use of root motions to 5. At the end of the renaissance era, was developed into a tonal capital.
Music genre in this era are highly variable. A very popular genre is the mass, motet, Madrigal spirituale, and also laude. Secular music also played a song from one or many voices like frottola, chansons, and Madrigal. Secular vocal music genre is a Madrigal, frottola, caccia, chansons, Rondeau, virelai, begerette, ballade, musque mesuree, canzonetta, villancico, villanelle, villotta, and also the lute song. In addition, there are also genres such as the Toccata, Prelude, ricercar, canzone, intabulation, Basse dance, pavane, galliard, allemande, courante and renaissance era that makes the music became more lively and festive. At the end of the renaissance era, there are also many songs operas such as monody, Madrigal comedy, and also intermedio.
Musical instruments used in this era is extremely varied and some are still used today. Broadly speaking, instrumental music in the renaissance era can be divided into brass, strings, percussion, and woodwind. Famous brass instrument is a slide trumpet, Cornett, trumpet, and sackbut. String musical instrument is the famous viol, lyre, Irish harp, and Hurdy gurdy. Percussion instruments are famous tambourine and jew's harp, which is very famous for applying their lovers in the renaissance era. Then woodwind musical instrument or a wind instrument is the famous wooden shawm, read pipe, hornpipe, bagpipes, panpipe, transverse flute, and recorder. Even the recorder is still taught in elementary school today.
Renaissance era also gave birth to famous composer composer-europe. In the early days of the renaissance, there are such famous composer Leonel Power, John Durstable, Giles Binchois, Guillaume Dufay and. The names such as Pierre de La Rue, Antoine de Fevin, Anthony Divitis, and Cipriano de Rore can be found in the mid-renaissance. Then there's also the name of Johannes de Fossa, William Byrd, Tomas Luis de Victoria, Philippe Rogier, and Carlo Gesualdo that Berjaya at the end of the renaissance era. There are many other famous composer-composer who made the renaissance era, which although known to be less productive, but managed to make it into the early era of modern music is very popular. Music of the Renaissance era, although much less in terms of quantity, but very good in terms of quality.

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